1 Corinthians 15:16
For if the dead rise not, then is not Christ raised:
Original Language Analysis
γὰρ
For
G1063
γὰρ
For
Strong's:
G1063
Word #:
2 of 8
properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often with other particles)
ἐγήγερται·
is
G1453
ἐγήγερται·
is
Strong's:
G1453
Word #:
5 of 8
to waken (transitively or intransitively), i.e., rouse (literally, from sleep, from sitting or lying, from disease, from death; or figuratively, from
Historical Context
Jewish apocalyptic theology anticipated general resurrection at the end of the age (Daniel 12:2, Isaiah 26:19). Early Christians' radical claim was that one man had been raised *within* history, ahead of the general resurrection—inaugurating the age to come while the present age continued. Christ's resurrection is 'already/not yet'—the future breaking into the present.
Questions for Reflection
- How does Christ's resurrection being 'firstfruits' guarantee believers' resurrection?
- What does it mean that resurrection is God's action (passive voice), not human achievement?
- How does the 'already/not yet' tension of resurrection shape Christian life in the present?
Related Resources
Explore related topics, people, and study resources to deepen your understanding of this passage.
Analysis & Commentary
For if the dead rise not (εἰ γὰρ νεκροὶ οὐκ ἐγείρονται)—Paul repeats his premise, driving home the logical connection. The verb egeirontai (ἐγείρονται, "are raised") is present passive, indicating ongoing divine action. Resurrection is God's action upon the dead, not self-generated resuscitation.
Then is not Christ raised (οὐδὲ Χριστὸς ἐγήγερται)—The perfect tense emphasizes Christ's resurrection as completed event with continuing results. Paul's logic is relentless: general resurrection and Christ's resurrection stand or fall together. Christ is not exception to natural law but inauguration of new creation. His resurrection is the "firstfruits" (v. 20)—if the firstfruits exist, the harvest follows. You can't have firstfruits without harvest.